Kumapeto kwa chaka chatha, Fashion Nova adapanga mitu yankhani chifukwa chovala chofulumira cha $25 denim ndi $35 velvet diresi anali kumbuyo kwa gulu la "olipidwa mobisa" omwe amagwira ntchito mufakitale ya Los Angeles kufunafuna zotsika mtengo, koma ndizo. ndendende izo.Zovala za Instagrammable ndi zowonjezera zomwe zadziwika mwamphamvu ndi odziwika bwino monga Cardi B ndi Kardashian/Jenners.Malinga ndi lipoti la Disembala 2019 la New York Times, zovala za Fashion Nova "zidapangidwa m'mafakitale ambiri ku [Los Angeles] ndipo zinali ndi ngongole za antchito mazana 3.8 miliyoni kubweza ngongole."Ena mwa iwo akuti Anthu amalipira $ 2.77 pa ola limodzi chifukwa cha ngalande zawo.”
Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwake mu 2006, yapambana mbiri yakale yazaka chikwi, mafashoni nova (Fashion Nova) ku Southern California, malingaliro ake pagulu siatsopano.M'malo mwake, akuwonetsa makampani omwe akhala akuvutitsa kwanthawi yayitali makampani ogulitsa ku likulu.Kwamuyaya 21, yomwe yasokonekera, yatchulidwa ndi Dipatimenti ya Ntchito ("DOL") nthawi zambiri.Gawo la malipiro a ola limodzi ndi machitidwe ake opanga.
Nyuzipepala ya “New York Times” itaulula mochititsa chidwi, loya wamkulu wa Fashion Nova anati: “Lingaliro lililonse loti Fashion Nova ndi amene ali ndi udindo wopereka malipiro ochepa kwa anthu amene amagwira ntchito pakampani yathu ndi lolakwika.”Nthawi yomweyo, kampaniyo idatsimikiza kuti Imachita ndi ogulitsa opitilira 700 omwe ntchito yawo ndikupanga zinthu zomwe zikugulitsidwa, zomwe "zimatsatira malamulo aku California."
Ngakhale kuti zomwe DOL adapeza zikuwoneka kuti zikuwonetseratu kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa malipiro ndi ntchito, koma pokhapokha ngati kampaniyo ingathe kudziyika bwino ngati wogulitsa zovala, zomwe Fashion Nova akunena kuti zikugwirizana ndi malamulo a California zikhoza kukhala zolondola.Ndipo zowonjezera, osati wopanga.Katswiriyu ndi wofunikira chifukwa zikutanthauza kuti makampani ndi makampani ena akhoza kumasulidwa ku ngongole pansi pa AB 633 (lamulo loletsa "kutuluka thukuta" loperekedwa ndi California zaka makumi awiri zapitazo).
AB 633 inakhazikitsidwa mu 1999. Cholinga chake ndi kuletsa malipiro a makampani opanga zovala ku California odzaza ndi thukuta (kumene ambiri ogulitsa zovala ku United States ali) kuti asabedwe.Wogwira ntchito aliyense amalandila malipiro awo pamenepo.Kwa makampani opanga zovala omwe amachita bizinesi ndi munthuyo, lamuloli likuwoneka ngati njira yabwino yothetsera nkhanza za boma zomwe zawononga makampani onse opanga zovala.
Komabe, kuyambira ndime ya AB 633 (yokwiyitsa kwambiri makampani aku California ndi zovala), mphamvu yake yakhala ikuwunikira nthawi zonse.Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti chifukwa AB 633 imayang'ana kwambiri anthu omwe "avulazidwa ndi opanga zovala, ogwira ntchito, makontrakitala, kapena ma subcontractors omwe amalephera kulipira malipiro kapena phindu", khalidwe la ogulitsa (monga Fashion Nova) Werengani lamuloli mosamalitsa.
Monga momwe Hilda Solis, membala wa Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors (yemwe kale anali Mlembi wa Ntchito ku United States), ananenera posachedwapa: “M’zaka 20 zapitazi, ogulitsa ndi opanga zinthu zina akhazikitsa mapangano ang’onoang’ono kuti azembe lamulo, mwakutero kupeŵa Kuikidwa ngati chovala. wopanga.Ndipo kupeŵa udindo [malinga ndi AB 633], kutero kulepheretsa anthu masauzande ambiri ogwira ntchito zobvala ku Los Angeles County kuti asabwezere malipiro abedwa.”
Ntchito yaikulu m'njira yolimbikitsa kupanga zovala zowumbidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti makampani olemera atha kuthawa udindo?Kwamuyaya21.Monga Los Angeles Times idanenanso mu 2017, pomwe DOL idakumana ndi mlandu wa DOL wokhudza kuphwanya ntchito ndi malipiro pamayendedwe ake, Forever 21 adapindula ndi AB633.Pofuna kupewa zotsatira zalamulo, "Kwanthawizonse 21 [mwachidziwitso chagona] wogulitsa, osati wopanga.", Chifukwa kupanga zonse za zovala ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimagulitsidwa zimachitika kunja kwa unyolo wa antchito.Chifukwa chake, maloya a kampaniyo adatsutsa kuti "yakhala (osachepera) sitepe imodzi kuchokera kufakitale ya Los Angeles."Zonena zake zidagwira ntchito: Malinga ndi lipoti la Los Angeles Times, pofika chaka cha 2017, "mafakitole osokera ndi opanga zinthu zazikulu alipira madola masauzande ambiri kuti athetse zomwe ogwira ntchitowa adanena, ndipo "kwanthawizonse 21" sayenera kulipira. cent.ndalama.”
Makampani ena ofananira nawo adatsata zomwezo ndikuwona kusatetezeka koperekedwa ndi AB 633 ngati moyo.
Munkhaniyi, Senate ya California State sinalankhule.Senator wa State María Elena Durazo (María Elena Durazo) adayambitsa ndikuyambitsa bilu yatsopano mu February 2020. Ndipo subcontractors) ali ndi udindo wa malipiro a anthu ogwira ntchito.
Bili yatsopano (SB-1399), ikakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo, idzadzaza malo a AB 633 kuti ateteze ogulitsa kuti asazengereze ngongole zamalipiro ndi ntchito zomwe zingachitike pansi pa madenga awo koma zikuchitikabe mumayendedwe awo..Osati kokha, idzaletsa kwambiri ndondomeko ya malipiro omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, momwe malipiro ayenera kulipidwa kwa anthu payekha malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu omwe amapanga, komanso ndondomeko ya malipiro a ola limodzi iyenera kukhazikitsidwa.Kusinthaku kungathandize kuthetsa njira zonse zolipirira, zomwe zimalola opanga kupeŵa kulipira antchito omwe amalipidwa pa ola limodzi ndi $14.25.
Solis adanenanso kuti ku Los Angeles County kuli ogwira ntchito pafupifupi 45,000.Avereji ya malipiro a ola lililonse la ogwira ntchito ovala ndi $5.15 pa ola, ndipo maola awo ogwirira ntchito amaposa maola 12 patsiku, ndipo maola awo ogwira ntchito mlungu uliwonse amakhala pakati pa maola 60 ndi 70.
Komabe, kuwonjezera pa kukulitsa tanthauzo la kupanga zovala kuti likhale lopaka utoto, kusintha kamangidwe ka zovala, ndikuyika zilembo pazovala, biluyo ipatsanso mphamvu ofufuza a State Labor Commissioner's Field Enforcement Bureau kuti afalitse zomwe zalembedwa muzogulitsa., Osati kokha kwa kontrakitala, kotero kuti olamulira oyenerera ali ndi mphamvu yokhala ndi udindo kwa "wogulitsa".
Lamuloli silinasainidwebe, ndipo biluyo yalandira mayankho osiyanasiyana.Ngakhale idalandira chivomerezo choyambirira kuchokera ku California State Senate Labor, Public Employment and Retirement Committee mu Meyi, ndipo posachedwa idalandira chivomerezo chonse kuchokera ku Nyumba Yamalamulo ya State, palibe kukayika kuti ikukumana ndi kuponderezedwa ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza California Fashion.Mgwirizanowu ndi bungwe lazamalonda lomwe mamembala ake akuphatikizapo makampani monga Dov Charney's Los Angeles Apparel, Alibaba ndi Topson Downs, komanso makampani azamalamulo omwe amadziwika kuti amakana Fashion Nova ndi Forever 21.
Pofika pano, lamuloli likufunikabe kuvomerezedwa ndi nyumba yamalamulo ya boma, ndipo pamapeto pake liyenera kusainidwa ndi Bwanamkubwa Gavin Newsom (Gavin Newsom) lisanapatsidwe.
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